Topwine

I just saw a recent picture of Tim Noakes on one of his tweets together with his LCHF "hero's". Also saw another recent picture of him outside a Cape Town radio station. Somebody's got to say it, he does not look well and seems a LOT older than 18 months ago. A lot more gray hair and just overall odd look and unhealthy. I am ready to be taken apart for this comment, but this is just saying the emperor has no clothes. All my family members and the kids (which normally is very brutally honest ) agreed with me when I showed them these before and after pictures, and they did not know about his LCHF crusade. What do you think ? http://t.co/vfgrxnsxqD

Maybe you should read the whole article for better understanding ?

http://www.ncbi.nlm....650/table/tbl3/

People often blame sugar for the rise of obesity and other diseases like Metabolic syndrome, diabetes and heart diseas. However, all this is usually based on correlation data, and not proven cause and effect studies. So if correlation data is to be used to assign guilt, then surely other components in the modern diet should be evaluated as well. Looking at these graphs, it is striking what stands out, FAR above any other, what changed dramatically in the last few decades in the modern diets of the western world. Hint: It is not sugar or grains ... http://www.ncbi.nlm....les/PMC3076650/

Some nice data plots from Nancy Swanson on GMO foods and diseases here, http://www.examiner.com/article/data-trends-show-correlation-between-increase-organ-disease-and-gmos

Make the time, watch this shocking research on Glyphosate . The elephant in the room causing obesity, diabetes, autism, etc, etc ?

An intersting article on ketogenic diets for epilepsy and other brain disorders, http://www.andrewkimblog.com/2013/11/preserving-brain-function-principles.html Therefore, the most parsimonious explanation for why ketogenic diets work, when they do, is that the ketone bodies so generated are supplying neurons (and glial cells) with energy, which would normally be provided by glucose, thereby preventing these cells from literally succumbing to the demands placed on them, by all the stressors they have to deal with on a moment to moment basis.

"Diabetes, like cancer, has been known for a long time to be promoted by unsaturated oils in the diet, rather than by sugar." -Ray Peat, PhD

Hi Spy I am sorry to hear about your condition, but very happy to hear you are able to better control the pain with LC. You might like to read this article in your further studies and research. It might just provide you with some other options to try as well. http://raypeat.com/articles/articles/tissue-destruction.shtml ARTHRITIS AND NATURAL HORMONES A very healthy 71 year-old man was under his house repairing the foundation, when a support slipped and let the house fall far enough to break some facial bones. During his recovery, he developed arthritis in his hands. It is fairly common for arthritis to appear shortly after an accident, a shock, or surgery, and Han Selye's famous work with rats shows that when stress exhausts the adrenal glands (so they are unable to produce normal amounts of cortisone and related steroid hormones), arthritis and other "degenerative" diseases are likely to develop. But when this man went to his doctor to "get something for his arthritis," he was annoyed that the doctor insisted on giving him a complete physical exam, and wouldn't give him a shot of cortisone. The examination showed low thyroid function, and the doctor prescribed a supplement of thyroid extract, explaining that arthritis is one of the many symptoms of hypothyroidism. The patient agreed to take the thyroid, but for several days he grumbled about the doctor 'fixing something that wasn't wrong' with him, and ignoring his arthritis. But in less than two weeks, the arthritis had entirely disappeared. He lived to be 89, without a recurrence of arthritis. (He died iatrogenically, while in good health.) Selye's work with the diseases of stress, and the anti-stress hormones of the adrenal cortex, helped many scientists to think more clearly about the interaction of the organism with its environment, but it has led others to focus too narrowly on hormones of the adrenal cortex (such as cortisol and cortisone), and to forget the older knowledge about natural resistance. There are probably only a few physicians now practicing who would remember to check for hypothyroidism in an arthritis patient, or in other stress-related conditions. Hypothyroidism is a common cause of adrenal insufficiency, but it also has some direct effects on joint tissues. In chronic hypothyroidism (myxedema and cretinism), knees and elbows are often bent abnormally.

I think you misunderstand oxygen intake/absorbtion vs use . It's essentially the same. You cannot take in more than you use. If your cells use more, they demand more and therfore the blood have to supply more, if possible. IF your cardio system can't supply more oxygen to the tissues/cells you will be limited ito the rate of work you can do, or cells will die. As your exercise intensity goes up, so does oxygen demand. Oxidative fat metabolism requires more oxygen per unit of ATP, the energy needed for muscle cells and ALL cells living. There are many things that determine the max amount of oxygen that your blood can carry, but hemoglubin the most important. Also at the tissue/cell level things like pH, Temp and CO2 pressure among them determine how much O2 can be delivered to the cells. Glucose metabolism produces more CO2 than fat burning, which allow it to exchange more oxygen to the tissues. More "panting"/harder breathing will not cause you to "take in" more oxygen in your blood. What it will do, is let you lose more CO2 from your blood which reduces the capability of your blood to supply oxygen to the cells/tissues / Here is good explanation: http://www.austincc.edu/emeyerth/hemoglob.htm and here, http://www.austincc.edu/emeyerth/bohr.htm and here, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22596/figure/A1359/?report=objectonly For the more adventurous and scientifically minded, http://raypeat.com/articles/articles/protective-co2-aging.shtml

I suggest you read some more. Nutritional ketosis is a stressed state and not for everybody or healthy people, imho. There is many possible long term health consequences for healthy people, especially young growing people. Your body have to permanently rely on stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol to break down tissues to provide the glucose it needs. Contrary to what you state, the body, in ketosis, not only run on ketones and glucose, but also fatty acids and amino acids. The "study" you mention, is not a true study, but a n=1 experiment of an individual that is carbohydrate intolerant, so it is not a true reflexion of what is possible by a healthy carbohydrate/glucose tolerant individual. Just keep that in mind. But even that experiment proves the loss of top end power in ketosis.

Cardiac insulin-resistance and decreased mitochondrial energy production precede the development of systolic heart failure after pressure-overload hypertrophy. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23861485 CONCLUSIONS: The development of cardiac insulin-resistance and decreased mitochondrial oxidative metabolism are early metabolic changes in the development of cardiac hypertrophy, which create an energy deficit that may contribute to the progression from hypertrophy to heart failure. Stimulation of glucose oxidation protects against acute myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury http://cardiovascres.oxfordjournals.org/content/94/2/359.long 1. Introduction Ischaemic heart disease is a major health problem worldwide, affecting North Americans more adversely than any other pathological condition. Although numerous mechanisms contribute to ischaemic injury,1 there is clear evidence that cardiac dysfunction during and following myocardial ischaemia is mediated, at least in part, by the type of energy substrate utilized by the heart.2–5 For example, following ischaemia and during reperfusion, an excessive reliance on fatty acids contributes to cardiac dysfunction.2,6 Elevated fatty acid oxidation rates result in the subsequent inhibition of glucose oxidation rates in the heart.2,7 Furthermore, glycolytic rates remain high and are thus uncoupled from glucose oxidation, thereby increasing proton production and decreasing cardiac efficiency.2,8,9 We and others have demonstrated that overcoming fatty acid oxidation-induced inhibition of glucose oxidation in the heart (either by directly stimulating glucose oxidation,2,8,10 or by inhibiting fatty acid oxidation),11–13 improves the recovery of post-ischaemic cardiac function. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that stimulating glucose oxidation via targeting either PDH or MCD decreases the infarct size, validating the concept that optimizing myocardial metabolism is a novel therapy for ischaemic heart disease. Targeting fatty acid and carbohydrate oxidation — A novel therapeutic intervention in the ischemic and failing heart http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167488911000231 Research highlights ► Fatty acid and carbohydrate oxidation provide ATP required for cardiac contraction. ► Balance between fatty acid and carbohydrate oxidation affects cardiac efficiency/function. ► Fatty acid oxidation predominates in the post-ischemic and failing heart. ► Interventions can increase carbohydrate oxidation and decrease fatty acid oxidation. ► Increasing carbohydrate oxidation benefits the post-ischemic and failing heart. 1. Introduction The high energy requirements of the myocardium are evidenced by the high rates of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and hydrolysis. Myocardial ATP stores are relatively low compared to the amount of ATP required to sustain cardiac contraction, basal metabolism, and ionic homeostasis. As a result, there is a nearly complete turnover of the myocardial ATP pool every 10 s [1], with the heart cycling approximately 6 kg of ATP on a daily basis [2]. To meet these high energy demands, the normal heart possesses a high degree of metabolic flexibility, which is demonstrated by its ability to utilize various energy substrates including fatty acids, glucose, lactate, and ketone bodies to generate ATP. The contribution of each of these energy substrates to ATP generation is tightly regulated, and there is a significant degree of plasticity and interdependence between energy substrates utilized. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167488911000231

3.1. Phosphorous/oxygen ratios and the efficiency of ATP generation Phosphorous/oxygen (P/O) ratios of oxidative phosphorylation define the number of molecules of ATP produced per atom of oxygen reduced by the mitochondrial electron transport chain [70], and differ depending on the type of energy substrate utilized for the generation of mitochondrial NADH and FADH2. Comparing palmitate and glucose as energy substrates, the complete oxidation of one palmitate molecule generates 105 molecules of ATP, while the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose generates 31 molecules of ATP. Although fatty acid b-oxidation clearly generates the larger amount ATP, it comes at the expense of a greater oxygen requirement than carbohydrate oxidation. The P/O ratio of palmitate is less than that of glucose, making palmitate a less efficient substrate for ATP synthesis. Therefore, at any given level of cardiac work, an increased dependence on fatty acids relative to carbohydrates as an oxidative fuel (which occurs during reperfusion following ischemia and in the early stages of heart failure) decreases cardiac efficiency. Cardiac efficiency only differs by a theoretical value of 10–13% when calculated on the basis of P/O ratios using exclusively palmitate or glucose as an oxidative fuel. However, reported differences are much larger, ranging from 25–40%, suggesting there are additional mechanisms by which the balance between fatty acid and carbohydrate oxidation influences cardiac efficiency. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167488911000231

It's a pipe dream to think that you must "just allow more time to adapt" to be able to create the same energy from fat burning as from glucose at higher intensities. It's simple math. I've posted about this before here, https://community.bikehub.co.za/topic/125843-lchf-low-carb-high-fat-diet-ver-2/page__view__findpost__p__2072662 , but it seems that people don't read the actual science behind these things. It's far better (it seems) to ignore the evidence and keep believing in lala land. The rate limit is not the fuel, ie fat or glucose, but the oxygen needs with it to be able to convert to ATP. For high intensity efforts, you need maximum energy at maximum rates. Your lungs (& cardio system) can only supply so much oxygen, depending person to person. Fat burning needs more oxygen per ATP molecule created than glucose burning does. Fat burning is therefore less efficient ito oxygen consumption. Further, apart from max or high intensity effort purposes, those with heart problems should also read this, since Fat metabolism is inefficient and likely even detrimental compared to glucose metabolism for heart health. http://www.heartandmetabolism.com/download/53/8.pdf

Dale, I don't mean to insult you, merely point out how people tend to view facts through their own lens of belief system and how that tend to influence their logic and how they then discount evidence to fit their own belief system. I don't know what information you have other than me (please share if you do ) or what is included in the study, but egg muffin sounds like healthy fat to me ! Also, the fat in sausage muffin will probably be beaf or lard fat, which is also healthy IF the lard is from pigs raised NOT on grains. The purpose of the study was not to say that OJ is the mother of ALL inflammation reductions, but merely proved that OJ taken with a mixed meal of HFHC variety, not unfamiliar to many people's daily diet, is effective in preventing or reducing the inflammatory effect. Clearly that is positive and how people can distort their reality to think this is NOT good, or is of little value, defy common sense. The authors also previously have shown that a mixed meal of HFHC on it's own, without OJ, increases inflammation. The OJ study followed later from that. http://ajcn.nutritio...t/79/4/682.long Even before that they have shown that either a protein diet alone or a fat diet alone, each causes significant increases in inflammation. It is particular interesting that the fat they used in this study was cream (!) , which is considered very healthy on this thread. http://ajcn.nutritio...pe2=tf_ipsecsha So again, it is helpful,( but difficult if you are biased ), to consider ALL the evidence objectively.

Wow, not sure I follow your logic. You think OJ is "a great food" and then also say it is not good for you ? In the first study they clearly show NO increase in inflammation when ingesting OJ or fructose (!), whereas significantly with glucose. They previously also showed significant increases in inflammation when ingestion a high fat diet, and it is also known that a high meat (protein) diet also increases inflammation. So, comparatively then OJ IS a great food if you want to limit inflammation, which should be high on every one's agenda. The second study merely went further into the investigation of whether OJ might actually DECREASE inflammation caused by other diet intakes. This was proven as well, which in my mind anyway makes OJ a great food on another count, because obviously you can't live on OJ alone, but at least it decreases inflammation caused by other dietary ingestions. It is amazing how people's "beliefs" influance the way they see life and causes them to see things always in a certain way and ignores the counter evidence to their beliefs.

Some further studies demonstrating the beneficial effect of fruit, especially Orange Juice. Orange Juice or Fructose Intake Does Not Induce Oxidative and Inflammatory Response http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/30/6/1406.long CONCLUSIONS—Caloric intake in the form of orange juice or fructose does not induce either oxidative or inflammatory stress, possibly due to its flavonoids content and might, therefore, represent a potentially safe energy source. Orange juice neutralizes the proinflammatory effect of a high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal and prevents endotoxin increase and Toll-like receptor expression http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2844681/ DISCUSSION Our data show, for the first time to our knowledge, that the intake of orange juice with an HFHC meal prevented the marked increases in ROS generation and other inflammatory indexes, which occurred after the intake of the HFHC meal in combination with water or a glucose drink.

Do you mind sharing your results? Did you only test TSH ? If you only tested TSH for thyroid, then I'm afraid it is not a very usefull measure of thyroid function. What is your temperature when you wake up in the morning? Your HR when you wake ?

It's actually quite funny how some people can call others "morons" for having views contrary to their own, or questioning the facts and science of their statements of health. It actually says a lot about such a person, it takes a bigger one to call another one. Anyway, this thread was not "first" started by Dave Tapson. I know he likes attention and claims many things, but the first thread on this topic was actually started by Flymango here , https://community.bikehub.co.za/topic/113902-prof-tim-noakes-u-turn-on-carbohydrates/ , and then because one guy likes his name so much, he started his own thread, and it continued and merged into the previous one which was deleted by accident and then this last one, Version 2. It is important to get your facts right.

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD) No Difference Between High-Fructose and High-Glucose Diets on Liver Triacylglycerol or Biochemistry in Healthy Overweight Men http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085%2813%2901040-8/fulltext A very latest randomised double blind study ( gold standard, not observational) confirming it's the amount of calories, not type of calories. Still waiting for those that say sugar is poison in any amount to provide their RCT studies that proves so. But hey, LCHF is religion, no scientific proof needed hey ?

We need more studies of this kind: LC vs HC diets with isocaloric energy, ie same energy levels, as measure in controlled environment. http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/63/2/174.full.pdf+html Result: No statistical difference in either weight or fat loss and same improvement in other risk factors.

If you are going to eat starch, this sure is a very good way to do it .

On another topic, that being of VLC diets as being good for your health, especially as some think, for your heart. Those that suffer from heart problems should familiarise themselves with their thyroid and it's function as it's very closely related to CAD and mortality. VLC diets destroy thyroid function and T3 levels, as does too much endurance exercise. start here: http://www.anakarder.com/sayilar/89/buyuk/62-66.pdf http://www.ncbi.nlm....les/PMC3134399/ http://circ.ahajourn.../4/385.full.pdf http://www.ncbi.nlm....les/PMC3418165/ http://ccforum.com/c...pdf/cc11151.pdf Conclusion: In unselected ICU patients, FT3 was the most powerful and only independent predictor of ICU mortality among the complete indicators. The addition of FT3 level to the APACHE II score could significantly improve the ability to predict ICU mortality.

Yep, I certainly won't eat ANY margarine or some of those "healthy" oils mentioned there. I don't think he intended the Harvard pyramid to be the definitive source, but merely wanted to show that there is difference of opinion and that not all follow the same advice.

The article was not provided as source for scientific fatcs or research. It was not even related to the first paragraph. Don't look for something that is not there. Go read the original medical research articles, not dietdoctor blog . Stress hormones (which causes aging and other diseases if chronically too high) like adrenaline and cortisol are at their highest in the night with cortisol levels prob at their highest first thing in the morning when you wake up. That is the best time to eat something with sugar in like fruit cause that brings down the stress hormone levels down quick. I normally start my day with a banana . It has to be ripe bananas though.