This is a newsletter from Mark Carroll (level 2 Cycling Coach from cadence cycling (awesome programme -http://www.cadencecycling.co.za)- food for thought. "Racing the Cape Epic, Sani2C, Joburg2C on 6 Hours Per Week. Is it possible? YES. Open your mind to a new ideas - and read the attached science... The Science... A great body of published research provides the working, non-professional cyclist with directions to considerably enhance their endurance with a minimal time commitment. Avoid being stuck in a big-volume mindset, read the reports, they are compelling! This newsletter was inspired by Dr. Jeroen Swart, who's average training week for the 6 months leading up to the Cape Epic was 5.4 hours. NOTE: He didn't do 4 months big volume and then switch to high intensity - it was 6 months of 5.4 hours on average. Further, he pulled off a respectable 57th place. Over 8-days, ride time was 46hours, which was 8 times more volume than his typical training week. Just for mental preparation, one week out of the 6 months consisted of 13 hours whilst 2 weeks had 9 hours - which means some weeks were also less than the 5.4 average. I have spoken about this with many riders and the same two reponses repeat themselves: 'Nonsense!' 'He's a natural.' This response is understandable due to the fixed paradigm that ultra endurance races need to be tackled with ultra endurance training. SO, AS A WORKING, NON-PROFESSIONAL CYCLIST, HOW DO YOU DO IT? By tricking the body into creating the same endurance adaptations in 1 hour of high intensity interval training that occurs with 4 hours of endurance training. Note 1: Most riders are suffering after just 20 minutes at 105% of their Functional Threshold Power. It is therefore reasonable to state that 5 - 7 hour training rides are done at a low-moderate intensity, regardless of how hard the rider perceives their effort is. Note 2: Recovery. Training was separated by at least 1 day recovery. To maintain quality intervals, you need to be fresh, hydrated and nourished. Poor sleep, poor nutrition, fatigue from previous exercise sessions, etc... will inhibit the ability to complete intervals effectively and stimulate the results. Mark Carroll Level 2 Cycling Coach The first article is by Jeroen Swart, published in Sports Medicine Update. "...the continued use of low to moderate intensity volume based training may not be an optimal training strategy during preparation for ultraendurance racing." Training for ultra endurance events: http://www.cadencecycling.co.za/emails/files/jeroensmu.pdf This research from Canada using 30 second intervals compared 2 groups who performed 6 training sessions over 2 weeks. Total work volume over 2 weeks compared 13 minutes intense intervals versus 10 hours endurance training. "...our results suggest that intense interval training is indeed a time-efficient strategy to induce rapid muscle and performance adaptations comparable to traditional endurance training." Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training. http://www.cadencecycling.co.za/emails/files/30sSprintvsEndurance.pdf This second research from Canada used 1 minute intervals with subjects performing 8 - 12 repeats of 1 minute high intensity intevals. "High-intensity interval training (HIT) induces skeletal muscle metabolic and performance adaptations that resemble traditional endurance training." ...low-volume high-intensity interval training induces mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle: http://www.cadencecycling.co.za/emails/files/mitochondrial.pdf This research from Norway compared 4 minute high intensity intervals to LSD training. "....students that trained at aerobic high intensity (i.e., 90–95% HRmax) increased their VO2max significantly. However, the LSD and the LT groups training at 70 and 85% HRmax did not change their VO2max." Aerobic High-Intensity Intervals Improve VO2max More Than Moderate Training. http://www.cadencecycling.co.za/emails/files/hegerud.pdf "