I will permit myself the label scientist - and perhaps qualify it with the prefix social. So I know a little bit about perception, sensory inputs, concentration, attention and so on an I know how to read a scientific paper. As an aside, I have noticed how the appeal to science or to research carries a lot of rhetorical force in debates these days, perhaps in the way appeals to religion and canon used to in another era.
I'll look into it further but a brief internet search suggests that the research is equivocal on the topic which makes sense to me because sensory perception is mediated by a number of personal and situational variables which confound the common sense notion that a bright jersey will attract attention to a level sufficient to produce a measurable difference in accidents and deaths. As an example of this complexity - I observed earlier, and I can't find the reference now, that wearing hi viz yellow unconsciously leads drivers to classify us as a bollard or as road furniture. Someone says "Good, I avoid road furniture". Actually what's happening there in the interface between emotion, perception, attribution and behaviour, is that the driver sees us as not human and is therefore more likely to take a risk to get past us.
The assertion that bright colours will attract attention belies an enormous complexity of interacting factors that occurs between the image hitting the retina and the response to that image.
Here's an example of an equivocal finding
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25085469/
reading a few other abstracts it seems that in dark conditions, reflective clothing produces statisitically significant positive outcomes. Bright clothing in bright conditions - evidence is mixed to the point where the strength with which okes here are defending it's use suggests to me that the bright colours are something of a talisman, a safety blanket in the face of a danger over which there is little control.
What is overwhelmingly clear is that driver attention and awareness is the most significant variable at play on the roads.
And this is where my objection to this "clothing colour really matters" debate is that it has a social effect. It steers the conversation away from the biggest determinants of the danger and becomes part of a broader set of ideas in the public that we shouldn't be on the road, and that a cyclist is responsible for being seen rather than a driver being responsible for seeing us.